Where once walking and bicycling were common modes of transportation, changes in American life have led more and more people to drive to school, shopping, and work. In turn, this has led to a rapid increase in obesity and other health-related disorders, as well as increased energy consumption. This article documents what research is showing about Smart Growth communities: that their residents walk and bike more and drive less. Applying the principles of Smart Growth and programs like Safe Routes to School can improve overall health in a community and reduce pollution and energy consumption. Copyright held by the National Association of Realtors.